Freezing Point Of Ethanol

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This short video below discusses some interesting facts about ethanol; its production; how its better than gasoline for the environment; and how its also good for the farmers that grow the corn used in ethanol production.

The History of Ethanol

Ethanol is not a new type of fuel developed only recently. In fact, it has been used since the 1820’s. In 1826, Samuel Morey developed an engine that ran on ethanol and turpentine. This is considered by many to be the first real use of ethanol.

In the 1850’s, ethanol was a major lighting fuel. When the Civil War struck the United States, a liquor tax was placed on ethanol to raise money for the war. The price of ethanol got so high that it could no longer compete with other fuels such as kerosene in lighting devices. The production and consumption of ethanol dropped sharply because of this tax. For years ethanol was seen as too expensive compared to other fuels. That was until the tax was removed in 1906.

In 1908, Henry Ford designed his new car, the Model T, to run on a mixture of gasoline and alcohol. Henry Ford envisioned ethanol as the fuel of the future. His vision was to “build a vehicle affordable to the working family and powered by a fuel that would boost the rural farm economy.”

The prosperity of ethanol fuel continued during World War I, when the demand reached 50-60 million gallons per year.

Ethanol production took a big hit with the introduction of prohibition. Ethanol was banned because it was considered liquor. The only way ethanol could be sold was if it was mixed with petroleum. Gasoline then became the main fuel of choice. When prohibition ended in 1933, the ethanol market rose slightly.

After the high demand for ethanol during World War II, it was no longer needed for war materials, and thus there was a tremendous decrease in the usage of ethanol fuel.

It wasn’t until the 1970’s that interest in ethanol was revived. Embargos by major oil companies caused a gasoline shortage and almost overnight ethanol started to be used again.

Since then, ethanol fuel has steadily increased. The government encourages the use of ethanol fuel by offering tax benefits to producers.

In 1988, ethanol began to be added to gasoline for the purpose of reducing carbon monoxide emissions.

Today, the introduction of hybrid cars and other environment-friendly cars are becoming more necessary for two reasons: One is the price of oil and gasoline has reached all time highs, thus forcing consumers to think twice about what type of car they buy. The second is the safety of the environment. Ethanol fuel greatly decreases emissions, which helps protect the environment.

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The Latest News:

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Ethanol Produced from CO2 and Hydrogen
MADISON, WI Ocean Ethanol LLC announces success in its catalyst development to produce ethanol from CO2 (Carbon Dioxide). CO2 is considered a greenhouse gas, and has international value via the Kyoto Protocol. Credits can be bought, sold and traded. As part of its development program, Ocean Ethanol will also introduce the concept of distributed fuel production via the use of miniplants. These point-of-use devices can be installed in small applications, such as gas stations where ethanol can be blended at the pump. (RSS Feed - Staff Writer - May 19, 2006)
Supercooled Water: watch as bottled water turns into ice in seconds
This article details a practical experience with liquid water cooled below its freezing point. When disturbed, the water turns into ice within a matter of seconds. It's called supercooling, and occurs when molecules in the pure water cannot fuse together.

° Consumer Energy Center Glossary for the Letter F
... point of water is 212 degrees and its freezing point is 32 degrees. To convert Fahrenheit to ... ... operate on either alcohol fuels (methanol or ethanol) or regular unleaded gasoline or any ...
http://www.consumerenergy ...r.org/glossary/f.html

° The Medical Algorithms Project - ch41. Laboratory Calculations
... Removal of Fibrinogen from Plasma Using Cold Ethanol Precipitation Prior to Protein Electrophoresis ... ... Osmometry and Measuring the Change in Freezing Point, Boiling Point and Vapor Pressure with ...
http://www.medal.org/visi ...ww/inactive/ch41.aspx

° Chapter 10: Phase Equilibrium
... as a result of a steady rate of evaporation, a point is eventually reached at which (10-2-4): R E ... ... 25 o C Substance P vap (torr) water (H 2 O) 24 ethanol (H 2 O) 65 chloroform (H 2 O) 215 diethylether ...
http://www.wpi.edu/Academ ...General/concep10.html

° MSN Encarta - Alcohol
... burning taste and characteristic, agreeable odor. Ethanol is the alcohol in such beverages as beer, wine, and brandy. Because of its low freezing point, it has been used as the fluid in thermometers ...
http://encarta.msn.com/en ...61565581/Alcohol.html

° Chemical of the Week -- Ethanol
... for temperatures below 40C, the freezing point of mercury, and for other low-temperature purposes, such as for antifreeze in automobile radiators. Ethanol has been made since ancient times by ...
http://www.scifun.org/CHE .../ETHANOL/ethanol.html

° Welcome to Osmolality.com | Reading Room
... the freezing point depression method; Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin (Tokyo) 1993; VOL. 41, NO. 8; PP. 1444-1447 Food and Beverage: Fermentation D'Amore T, Panchal CJ, et al. A study of ethanol ...
http://www.osmolality.com/readingroom.htm

° Mesothelioma - LIST OF CHEMISTRY TOPICS
... Rutherford -- Ernst Otto Fischer -- ester -- Ethanol -- ethene -- ether -- Europium -- Euxenite ... ... Frederick Sanger -- Frederick Soddy -- freezing point -- Friedrich Bergius -- Friedrich Woehler ...
http://www.mesothelioma.m ...chemistry+topics.html

° Ethanol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
... Ethanol is also used in antifreeze products for its low freezing point. The state in the United States that produces the most ethanol used in automobiles is Iowa. It is easily soluble in water in all ...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol

° NREL: Biomass Research - Renewable and Energy Efficient Processes - Projects
... above 400C, low freezing point, sub-atmospheric vapor ... have characteristically low freezing points but variable thermal ... grade silicon using ethanol based rather than hydrogen ...
http://www.nrel.gov/bioma ..._renew_efficient.html

° Labor Iben - Services in the Food Sector
... fat, protein, oven-dry mass, density, freezing point, acidity as per Soxhlet-Henkel, peroxidase ... ... Analyses (acidity, organic acids, sugar, ethanol content, ash and extracts) Physical Analyses ...
http://www.labor-iben.de/ ...n_the_food_sector.php

° mrwizard - WineMaker Magazine: How can I best rid my wine of tartrate crystals?
... tartaric acid content, low temperature and high ethanol content, youÃll generally see more tartrates ... ... the lowest temperature possible (above the freezing point) for as long as possible (say, a month ...
http://www.winemakermag.com/mrwizard/134.html

° MSDS
... _____________________________________________ Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol) CAS# 64-17-5 NIOSH (RTECS ... ... Odor : Of Solvent pH : n/a Boiling Point : Approx. Melting/Freezing Point : Not established ...
http://www.trans-chem.com/msds10.htm

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